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Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Water Level Indicator Alarm

This ambit not alone indicates the bulk of baptize present in the aerial catchbasin but additionally gives an anxiety back the catchbasin is full.

The ambit uses the broadly accessible CD4066, mutual about-face CMOS IC to announce the baptize akin through LEDs.

When the baptize is abandoned the affairs in the catchbasin are accessible circuited and the 180K resistors pulls the about-face low appropriately aperture the about-face and LEDs are OFF. As the baptize starts bushing up, aboriginal the wire in the catchbasin affiliated to S1 and the + accumulation are shorted by water. This closes the about-face S1 and turns the LED1 ON. As the baptize continues to ample the tank, the LEDs2 , 3 and 4 ablaze up gradually.

The no. of levels of adumbration can be added to 8 if 2 CD4066 ICs are acclimated in a agnate fashion.

When the baptize is full, the abject of the transistor BC148 is pulled aerial by the baptize and this saturates the transistor, axis the buzzer ON. The SPST about-face has to be opened to about-face the buzzer OFF.

Remember to about-face the about-face ON while pumping baptize contrarily the buzzer will not sound!

Monday, November 17, 2014

Audio Peak Indicator

The existence of the peak indicator "Audio Peak Indicator" in an audio device is needed. Audio Peak indicator is a simple circuit to detect the peak level of audio signal. Audio Peak indicator circuit is built with duabuah transistor and LED indicator sebgai peak level detection of audio signals. The main function of a series of Audio Peak indicator is to determine the occurrence of the peak level of audio signal that is more than +4 dB, equivalent to 1.25 V rms. If the received audio signal Audio Peak Indicator more than +4 dB was the LEDs in series Peak Audio This indicator will light. Audio Peak indicator circuit is mounted on the output audio system.

Image Series Audio Peak Indicator

Audio Peak Indicator Component List:
R1 = 10Kohm
R2 = 1.2Kohm
R3 = 220Kohm
R4-5 = 4.7Kohm
C1 = 47uF 25V
C2 = 2.2uF 25V
Q1-2 = BC550C
D1 = LED RED

We hope to form the reference materials in the manufacture of circuit pernagkat Audio Peak Indicators in the audio readers.

Saturday, September 20, 2014

Low drop Regulator with Indicator Circuit Diagram

This is an electronic Low-drop Regulator with Indicator Circuit Diagram. Even today much logic is still powered from 5 volts and it then seems obvious to power the circuit using a standard regulator from a rectangular 9-V battery. A disadvantage of this approach is that the capacity of a 9-V battery is rather low and the price is rather high. Even the NiMH revolution, which has resulted in considerably higher capacities of (pen-light) batteries, seems to have escaped the 9-V battery generation. It would be cheaper if 5 volts could be derived from 6 volts, for example. That would be 4 ‘normal’ cells or 5 NiMH- cells. Also the ‘old fashioned’ sealed lead- acid battery would be appropriate, or two lithium cells.

Low-drop Regulator with Indicator Circuit diagram :

Low-drop Regulator with Indicator Circuit Diagram

Using an LP2951, such a power supply is easily realised. The LP2951 is an ever- green from National Semiconductor, which you will have encountered in numerous Elektor Electronics designs already. This IC can deliver a maximum current of 100 mA at an input voltage of greater than 5.4 V. In addition to this particular version, there are also versions available for 3.3 and 3 V output, as well as an adjustable version. In this design we have added a battery indicator, which also protects the battery from too deep a discharge. As soon as the IC has a problem with too low an input voltage, the ERROR output will go low and the regulator is turned off via IC2d, until a manual restart is provided with the RESET pushbutton.

The battery voltage is divided with a few resistors and compared with the reference voltage (1.23 V) of the regulator IC. To adapt the indicator for different voltages you only need to change the 100-k resistor. The comparator is an LP339. This is an energy-friendly version of the LM339. The LP339 consumes only 60 µA and can sink 30 mA at its output. You can also use the LM339, if you happen to have one around, but the current consumption in that case is 14 times higher (which, for that matter, is still less than 1 mA).

Finally, the LP2951 in the idle state, consumes about 100 µA and depend- ing on the output current to be deliv- ered, a little more.

Author : Karel Walraven - Copyright : Elektor

Wednesday, September 3, 2014

Accu Indicator Wiring diagram Schematic

The battery indicator can monitor the voltage on the car battery. The indicator has four LEDs that indicate the voltage. The more LEDs, the higher the voltage. The last LED is a blinking LED. This lights up when the battery voltage exceeds the limit of about 15 V.

This is a sign that something is wrong with the alternator or voltage regulator. The other LEDs light up respectively at 9 V (D5: bad battery), 11 V (D7: battery doubtful) and 13 V (D9: battery ok).Build the the activation points above. Circuit and verify If the measured values are much different from the above, try other Zener diodes. Zeners 300 mW are sufficient for the schema.

Simple Accu Indicator Circuit Diagram

Parts List

     D1, D2, D3, D4 = 1N4002
     D5 = LED green
     D7 = LED yellow
     D9 = LED red
     D11 = LED flashing
     Zener diode D6 = 4.7 V/300 mW
     D8 = 6.2 V/300 mW Zener diode
     D10 = 9.1 V/300 mW Zener diode
     D12 = 5.1 V/300 mW Zener diode
     T1, T2, T3, T4 = BF 256B

Tuesday, September 2, 2014

Audio peak indicator circuit

The existence of the peak indicator (Audio Peak Indicator) in an audio device is needed. Audio Peak indicator is a simple circuit to detect the peak level of audio signal. Audio Peak indicator circuit is built with duabuah transistor and LED indicator as peak level detection of audio signals.

The main function of a series of Audio Peak indicator is to determine the occurrence of the peak level of audio signal which is more than +4 dB, equivalent to 1.25 V rms. If the received audio signal Audio Peak Indicator more than +4 dB was the LEDs in series Peak Audio This indicator will light. Audio Peak indicator circuit is mounted on the output audio system.

Audio peak indicator

Audio Peak Indicator Component List:
R1 = 10Kohm
R2 = 1.2Kohm
R3 = 220Kohm
R4 = 4.7Kohm
R5 = 4.7Kohm
C1 = 47uF 25V
C2 = 2.2uF 25V
Q1 = BC550C
Q2 = BC550C
D1 = Red Led

Thursday, August 28, 2014

Fastest Finger First Indicator

Fastest Finger First Indicator Circuit Diagram. Quiz-type game shows are increasingly becoming popular on tale vision these days. In such games, fastest finger first indicators (FFFIs) are used to test the player’s reaction time. The player’s designated number is dis played with an audio alarm when the player presses his entry button. The schema presented here determines as to which of the four contestants first pressed the button and locks out the remaining three entries. Simultaneously, an audio alarm and the correct decimal number display of the corresponding contestant are activated.

Fastest Finger First Indicator Circuit Diagram

When a contestant presses his switch, the corresponding output of latch IC2 (7475) changes its logic state from 1 to 0. The combinational schemary comprising dual 4-input NAND gates of IC3 (7420) locks out subsequent entries by producing the appropriate latch-disable signal. Priority encoder IC4 (74147) encodes the active-low input condition into the cor responding binary coded decimal (BCD) number output. The outputs of IC4 after inversion by inverter gates inside hex inverter 74LS04 (IC5) are coupled to BCD-to-7-segment decoder/display driver IC6 (7447). The output of IC6 drives common-anode 7-segment LED display (DIS.1, FND507 or LT543).

The audio alarm generator comprises clock oscillator IC7 (555), whose output drives a loudspeaker. The oscillator frequency can be varied with the help of preset VR1. Logic 0 state at one of the outputs of IC2 produces logic 1 input condition at pin 4 of IC7, thereby enabling the audio oscillator. IC7 needs +12V DC supply for sufficient alarm level. The remaining schema operates on regulated +5V DC supply, which is obtained using IC1 (7805). Once the organiser identifies the contestant who pressed the switch first, he disables the audio alarm and at the same time forces the digital display to ‘0’ by pressing reset pushbutton S5. With a slight modification, this schema can accommodate more than four contestants.

Author : P. Rajesh Bhat – Copyright : EFY

Thursday, August 14, 2014

Build a Faulty Car Indicator Alarm Wiring diagram Schematic

Build a Faulty Car Indicator Alarm Circuit Diagram, Before taking a turn, either left or right, car drivers need to switch on the car’s turn-indicator lamps so that the approaching vehicle drivers can take precaution accordingly. An accident is likely to occur in case your car’s turn-indicator lamps fail to glow due to some reason or the other. Here’s a schema that sounds an alarm if your turn-indicator lamps don’t glow, helping you to safeguard against any accident.

When both the the front and rear turn-indicator lamps (either right or left) glow, the current through the lamps (L1-L2 or L3-L4) causes a voltage drop across series resistor R1. This voltage drives pnp transistor T1 into saturation. In this condition, pnp transistor T2 does not conduct and hence relay RL1 does not energise. No sound from piezobuzzer PZ1 (connected to normally-opened (N/O) contacts of relay RL1) means that the turn-indicator lamps are working satisfactorily.

Faulty Car Indicator Alarm Circuit Diagram

When one or both of the turn-indicator bulbs are fused, the voltage drop across R1 is insufficient and pnp transistor T1 remains cut-off. In this condition, pnp transistor T2 conducts to energise relay RL1 and piezobuzzer PZ1 sounds to indicate that one or both the turn-indicator bulbs are fused.

Install the schema (excluding turn-indicator lamps L1 through L4, which are already fitted in your car) near the driver’s seat so that the driver has easy access to blinker switch S1. To turn left, the driver needs to connect blinker switch S1 to left position to flash front and back left-turn-indicator lamps (L1 and L2). Similarly, to turn right, he needs to connect blinker switch S1 to right position to flash front and back right-turn indicator lamps (L3 and L4).

The value of resistor R1 is to be changed according to the bulb wattages.

Author: Debaraj Keot

Tuesday, August 12, 2014

Flashing LED Battery status Indicator

A Battery-status Indicator schema can be useful, mainly to monitor portable Test-gear instruments and similar devices.

Flashing-LED Battery-status Indicator

Parts:

R1,R7__________220R 1/4W Resistors
R2_____________120K 1/4W Resistor
R3_______________5K6 1/4W Resistor
R4_______________5K 1/2W Trimmer Cermet or Carbon
R5______________33K 1/4W Resistor
R6_____________680K 1/4W Resistor
R8_____________100K 1/4W Resistor
R9_____________180R 1/4W Resistor

C1,C2____________4µ7 25V Electrolytic Capacitors

D1____________BAT46 100V 150mA Schottky-barrier Diode
D2______________LED Red 5mm.

Q1____________BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistor
Q2____________BC557 45V 100mA PNP Transistor

B1_______________5V to 12V Battery supply

Comments:

LED D1 flashes to attire the users attention, signaling that the schema is running, so it will not be left on by mistake. The schema generates about two LED flashes per second, but the mean current drawing will be about 200µA.
Transistors Q1 and Q2 are wired as an uncommon complementary astable multivibrator: both are off 99% of the time, saturating only when the LED illuminates, thus contributing to keep very low current consumption.

The schema will work with battery supply voltages in the 5 - 12V range and the LED flashing can be stopped at the desired battery voltage (comprised in the 4.8 - 9V value) by adjusting Trimmer R4. This range can be modified by changing R3 and/or R4 value slightly.
When the battery voltage approaches the exhausting value, the LED flashing frequency will fall suddenly to alert the user. Obviously, when the battery voltage has fallen below this value, the LED will remain permanently off.
To keep stable the exhausting voltage value, diode D1 was added to compensate Q1 Base-Emitter junction changes in temperature. The use of a Schottky-barrier device (e.g. BAT46, 1N5819 and the like) for D1 is mandatory: the schema will not work if a common silicon diode like the 1N4148 is used in its place.
Note:

* Mean current drawing of the schema can be reduced further on by raising R1, R7 and R9 values.